Investigating risk and protective factors for children with a history of maltreatment and the efficacy of a group parenting intervention (Triple P) in enhancing the resilience of children in orphanages.

This study focuses on the different forms of maltreatment experienced by the children residing in the orphanages of Pakistan and its impact on their behavioral and emotional development along with examining the effectiveness of Triple-P, (Group-Positive Parenting Program with the housemothers of these children to see how positive parenting in the orphanage can help them by reducing child psychological problems, learning how to effectively cope with dysfunctional parenting styles and increasing parental competence and parent child relationship between these children and their housemothers.